Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 8 1 2020 08 31 1 3 Violeta Lopez School of Nursing, Hubei University of Medicine, China 2020 08 31 2020 08 31 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/1243 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/1243/469

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 8 1 2020 07 22 4 6 Nasrin Nikpeyma Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saman Maroufizadeh Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Maryam Esmaeili Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 05 08 2020 05 16 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/1070 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/1070/468

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 8 1 2020 07 22 7 10 Soha Mirreza Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Manijeh Yousefi Moghaddam Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran Forough Mortazavi Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran 2020 01 30 2020 05 18 Introduction: A complete heart block is a cardiac electrical conduction disorder with a very rare occurrence in pregnancy, which may be asymptomatic. There are no specific guidelines for the management of asymptomatic complete heart block in labor, vaginal delivery, and cesarean with only a few reports of cesarean management of patients with complete heart block. Case report: A 30-year-old woman, Gravida 4, abortion 3, gestational age of 41 weeks without any specific problems, was referred to our maternity hospital. The pulse rate and blood pressure were 68 and 60/110, respectively. Labor was induced with oxytocin and, after three hours, was discontinued due to late decelerations of fetal heart rate. Electrocardiography confirmed a maternal pulse rate of 42. Cardiac consultation led to the diagnosis of a complete heart block. Due to the frequent late decelerations of fetal heart rate and no response to atropine therapy, the patient was a candidate for a cesarean. Before cesarean, the pacemaker was installed. Cesarean was performed with general anesthesia, and the infant was delivered in good condition. In Postpartum, the pacemaker was removed (PR = 55, BP = 125/80), and the mother was discharged the next day. Due to the lack of specific guidelines, fetal indication for an emergency cesarean, mother poor obstetrics history, and none response to atropine therapy, we chose to incorporate pacemakers and remove it after cesarean safely. Conclusion: Vital signs assessment during pregnancy and childbirth is recommended to detect cases of complete heart block and provide optimal care. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/938 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/938/467

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 8 1 2020 07 22 11 24 Bijan Nouri Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Mohammad Hajizadeh School of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada Kaveh Bahmanpour Nursing and Midwifery College, Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj, Sanandaj, Iran Mahsa Sadafi Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Satar Rezaei Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Sina Valiee Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran 2020 04 04 2020 06 06 Background & Aim: Adherence of nurses to hand hygiene is important for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. This study aims to systematically review the existing studies that assess Iranian nurses' adherence to hand hygiene and estimate their amount with meta-analysis. Methods & Materials: We performed a systematic search for peer-reviewed journals published from 2005 to 2018. The systematic search was conducted using both international (Google Scholar, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Sciences) and Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database, IranMedex, Magiran, and MedLib). The search was carried out using a combination of the following terms: “adherence”, “compliance”, “hand hygiene”, “nurse”, “Iran”, “nursing practice”, “nursing”, and “guidelines”. The combinations of these words with Boolean operators like ‘AND’, ‘OR’ and ‘NOT’ were used. Results:  A total of 22 articles were used in the final analyses. The pooled proportion of hand hygiene adherence was 40.5 percent [95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.1–49.8]. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the overall estimated pooled proportion of hand hygiene adherence did not vary significantly with the elimination of any of the 22 studies, observer or self-reported hand hygiene, instrument of measurement, unit of measurements, sample size, and time. Conclusion: The level of adherence of Iranian nurses to hand hygiene can potentially increase the chance of healthcare-associated infections and put patients and nurses at risk. Hospital and nursing managers should take practical steps to investigate factors contributing to the failure of hand hygiene adherence among nursing staff. They should ensure the continuous implementation of hand hygiene improvement strategy. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/1005 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/1005/473

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 8 1 2020 07 22 25 39 Artemio Gonzales Department of Midwifery, College of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Occidental Mindoro State College, Philippines 2020 02 22 2020 04 24 Background & Aim: Breastfeeding self-efficacy refers to a mother’s perceived ability to breastfeed her new infant and is a salient variable in breastfeeding duration. This study aimed to review the current state of knowledge, including the predictors and interventions, and discuss relevant findings and gaps in the breastfeeding self-efficiency theory. Methods & Materials: Scoping review of peer-reviewed articles between the years of 2009-2019. Using the keyword breastfeeding, self-efficacy, and breastfeeding confidence, an extensive search of the PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed. A total of 1,200 publications were found, from which, after excluding duplication and non-related papers, only 34 publications were considered relevant to the subject and examined in-depth. This study utilized the data extraction form developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Results: There were various predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy, such as fetal attachment, social support, and positive prenatal experience. Studies have claimed that educational programs through educational sessions, information packages, and peer education have a positive effect on breastfeeding self-efficacy and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: To facilitate successful breastfeeding, health care institutions could promote interventions regarding positive breastfeeding experiences. The data suggest that breastfeeding self-efficacy moves beyond our current understanding of motherhood. However, this evidence is limited to the study conducted in western and developed countries, and results are coming from studies with limited sample size. To provide an assessment and information on Asian mothers in developing countries, data are needed to describe their experiences and to examine factors associated with breastfeeding self-efficacy in this population. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/960 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/960/466

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 8 1 2020 07 22 40 50 OK-Hee Cho Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea Kyung-Hye Hwang Department of Nursing, Suwon Science College, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea 2020 03 24 2020 06 05 Background & Aim: Bioethics education nourishes consciousness in bioethics and influences the attitude and perception of death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bioethics education by employing standardized patients for freshmen nursing students. Methods & Materials: A quasi-experimental single group pretest-posttest design was used to assess the effect of bioethics education employing standardized patients on 33 freshman nursing students’ perception of dignified death and empathy who took the course of bioethics of a university. Results: The perception of dignified death appeared higher in post-education than pre-education, and the subdomain of personal distress under empathy appeared higher in post-education than pre-education. In regard to the replies on the question of “disclosure of diagnosed cancer”, 54.6% of respondents approved, while 90.9% expressed “it should be at the discretion of doctors.” Conclusion: bioethics education employing standardized patients appeared assisting students experiencing changes in perception of a dignified death. It may be useful in applying the teaching module for students with courses in bioethics. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/983 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/983/471

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 8 1 2020 07 22 51 59 Liliana Mota Portuguese Red Cross Northern Health School, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal Fernanda Príncipe Portuguese Red Cross Northern Health School, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal Adelaide Cruz Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal Manuel Melo Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal 2020 03 27 2020 06 05 Background & Aim: The leadership role adopted by nurse managers has a fundamental role in the quality of care. Leadership is fundamental to the successful provision of health services due to its effect on health professionals and patients. This study aims to characterize the leadership roles of nurse managers in clinical nurse’s perspective. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive and correlational study. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling with 219 nurses from different health institutions in Portugal. Data collection occurred from November 2019 to January 2020 using the Leadership Skills Questionnaire adapted by Parreira and collaborators o the Portuguese population, based on Quinn’s framework and the instrument developed by him. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22) with descriptive and inferential statistics according to the nature of the variables. Results: The results demonstrated that the study participants recognize the leadership roles of their nurse managers in a balanced manner: Mentor (4.85±1.53), Director (4.62±1.32), Coordinator (4.56±1.34), Producer (4.55±1.31), Monitor (4.40±1.30), Broker (4.36±1.40), Facilitator (4.35±1.40), and Innovator (4.03±1.38). Conclusion: It is observed greater orientation to the fulfillment of goals. There is a clear orientation to compliance with rules and, therefore, to internal orientation and control. The current study has different implications for nurse managers, education, and research. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/992 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/992/472

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 8 1 2020 07 22 60 69 Reynold Padagas College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jose Rizal University, Mandaluyong, Philippines John Panuelos Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Mandaluyong, Philippines Kim Odoya Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Mandaluyong, Philippines Rhencel Cabardo Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Mandaluyong, Philippines Vincent Castro Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Mandaluyong, Philippines Mary Manio Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Mandaluyong, Philippines Alexandrae Nabablit Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Mandaluyong, Philippines Mikaela Papilla Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Mandaluyong, Philippines 2020 04 25 2020 06 24 Background & Aim: This study aimed to explore the transitional challenges of newly hired psychiatric nurses in the care of clients with schizophrenia and the coping mechanisms that they use to overcome their transitional challenges. Methods & Materials: This descriptive-qualitative study interviewed six purposively selected newly hired psychiatric nurses caring for patients with schizophrenia who work for about six months to two years in a Psychiatric Training Hospital in the Philippines.  An interview protocol was used to obtain data with strict observance of relevant ethical considerations. In determining the emerging themes and subthemes from the transcribed data with trustworthiness, thematic analysis was employed. Results: Two majo advanced practice registered nurses in Korea have expanded, but studies on their job satisfaction are lacking. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing job satisfaction among Korean advanced practice registered nurses. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 142 APRNs selected from three tertiary hospitals in Korea from December 2020 to January 2021. Job satisfaction and the factors influencing it were investigated using structured questionnaires; factors affecting job satisfaction were identified by multiple regression analysis. Data analysis was processed using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: Advanced practice registered nurses’ sex (β=.15, p=0.004), satisfaction with workload (β=.24, p<0.001), professional visibility (β=. 21, p=0.004), and APRN-physician relations in the work environment (β=.38, p<0.001), and clinical decision-making ability (β=.17, p=0.004) were identified as the factors influencing job satisfaction, which together explained 67% of the variance in job satisfaction. Conclusion: To increase advanced practice registered nurses' job satisfaction, nurse managers must consider strategies for providing administrative and educational support for workload control, recognition of professional identity and autonomy, and improving the work environment to encourage efficient interaction with physicians and improved clinical decision-making ability. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/2179 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/2179/550

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 9 4 2022 10 30 337 348 Igor Emanuel Soares-Pinto Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal AND Portuguese Red Cross Northern Health School, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal Sílvia Queirós Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal AND Hospital Epidemiology Center, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal Paulo Alves Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal Célia Santos School of Nursing of Porto, Porto, Portugal Maria Brito School of Nursing of Porto, Porto, Portugal 2022 04 22 2022 07 30 Background & Aim: The construction of an ostomy has a physical, psychological, and social impact, requiring the need to adapt. The way this event is experienced is influenced by several factors, namely ostomy self-care competence, the aspect most referred to in the literature. Nurses' specific and systematic intervention positively influences the person's adaptation to the ostomy. This study aimed to describe the perception of nurses and people with ostomies about promoting ostomy self-care. Methods & Materials: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten nurses specializing in stoma therapy and twelve people with bowel elimination ostomy. Content analysis was performed according to Bardin with categorical analysis. Results: Two themes emerged from the interviews: the promotion of awareness, with three categories and four sub-categories, and the promotion of ostomy self-care, with five categories and twenty-four sub-categories. In promoting awareness, the participants mentioned key contents that could be included in the nurse’s approach: assessing awareness, content for promoting awareness, and awareness indicators. Within the scope of promoting self-care, categories emerged, such as the intervention standardization, the contents, the methodologies, and the resources to promote self-care. Conclusion: This study adds to evidence about promoting awareness of bowel elimination ostomy and self-care competence after the procedure. These results can be useful for nurses, allowing them to reflect on clinical practice and helping to improve the planning of their intervention in promoting stoma self-care. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/2030 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/2030/551

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 9 4 2022 11 07 349 359 Seyyed Hamid Hoseini School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran Mohammad Eghbali School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran AND Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran Razieh Froutan Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Seyed Reza Mazloom Instructor of Nursing, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mir Saeed Yekaninejad Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Boostani Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2022 02 17 2022 10 31 Background & Aim: Coma is one of the severe complications of traumatic brain injury. The study aimed to determine the effect of auditory sensory stimulation on the level of consciousness and cognitive function of patients with traumatic brain injury. Methods & Materials: This study is a triple-blind randomized controlled clinical trial on 60 patients with traumatic brain injury selected using consecutive sampling. They were then randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. The patients in the intervention group received auditory sensory stimulation (twice a day for 15 minutes), while those in the control group only received the routine sounds of the ward (through headphones) for six days. The data were measured using the Glasgow Coma Scale and the Rancho Los Amigos Scale daily. SPSS software version 22 and descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: According to the independent samples t-test, there was a significant increase in the level of consciousness on the third, fifth, and sixth days after the intervention among the patients in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.001). The findings of two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed that auditory sensory stimulation could lead to a statistically significant improvement in the cognitive function of patients in the intervention group compared to the control group (P= 0.003). Conclusion: Because of the improvement of the level of consciousness and cognitive function resulting from auditory sensory stimulation, this method is recomme