<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Articles JournalTitle="Nursing Practice Today">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Nursing Practice Today</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2383-1154</Issn>
      <Volume>0</Volume>
      <Issue>0</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>05</Month>
        <Day>20</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Effectiveness of an integrated nursing program on anxiety, uncertainty in illness, and self-care ability among patients undergoing cardiac catheterization: A quasi-experimental study</title>
    <FirstPage>4463</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>4463</LastPage>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Siriwan</FirstName>
        <LastName>Turongruang</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Faculty of Nursing Science, North Bangkok University, Bangkok, Thailand</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Pacharapon</FirstName>
        <LastName>Thanamee</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Faculty of Nursing Science, North Bangkok University, Bangkok, Thailand</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>09</Month>
        <Day>13</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>04</Month>
        <Day>25</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">Background &amp; Aim: Patients undergoing cardiac catheterization commonly experience elevated anxiety, illness uncertainty, and self-care challenges. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an integrated nursing program on anxiety, uncertainty in illness, and self-care ability among patients undergoing first-time cardiac catheterization.
Methods &amp; Materials: A quasi-experimental study with repeated measures was conducted among 60 middle-aged adults (40&#x2013;65 years) scheduled for first-time cardiac catheterization at a tertiary hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Participants were consecutively enrolled and allocated using systematic alternating assignment (intervention n=30; control n=30). The intervention comprised a four-phase integrated nursing program based on Mishel's Uncertainty Theory and Orem's Self-Care Theory. Primary outcomes were measured using STAI, MUIS-A, and SCHFI at four time points.
Results: Baseline characteristics revealed no significant differences between groups (p&gt;0.05). Mixed ANOVA revealed significant Group &#xD7; Time interaction effects for all primary outcomes: anxiety [F(3,174)=39.796, p&lt;.001, &#x3B7;p&#xB2;=0.407], uncertainty in illness [F(3,174)=13.827, p&lt;.001, &#x3B7;p&#xB2;=0.193], and self-care ability [F(3,174)=4.485, p=.005, &#x3B7;p&#xB2;=0.072]. The intervention group demonstrated progressive reductions in anxiety and uncertainty in illness alongside sustained improvements in self-care ability. The intervention group experienced fewer complications (3.3% vs. 20.0%, p=0.044) and higher satisfaction scores (142.8&#xB1;6.2 vs. 118.5&#xB1;8.7, p&lt;0.001).
Conclusion: The integrated nursing program effectively reduced anxiety and uncertainty while enhancing self-care ability among cardiac catheterization patients, demonstrating clinical utility for improving perioperative outcomes.
Trial Registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry (Registration pending - Request No. TCTR 20260210)</abstract>
    <web_url>https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/4463</web_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
