Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 12 2 2025 02 17 114 116 EN Yusrita Zolkefli Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah, Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei-Muara, Brunei Darussalam AND School of Health in Social Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom 2024 11 16 2025 01 19 The letter centers around a recent study published in the Nursing Practice Today, titled “Medication errors occurrence and reporting: A qualitative study of the Jordanian nurses” (1), which sheds light on the experiences of Jordanian nurses regarding medication error incidence and factors that may influence their decisions to report or not. The study deserves praise for its insightful look at the critical issues of medication errors. Most importantly, this study calls for serious reflection on one’s moral duty in error reporting. Following this call, this commentary will be set on the fiduciary duty of the individual nurse and organization.    https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/3638 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/3638/656

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 12 2 2025 03 03 117 119 Esmaeil Moshiri Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran Ali Abbaszadeh Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran Seyed Hossein Shahcheragh Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran 2025 01 24 2025 03 03 Patient safety incidents have emerged as a significant global concern, impacting healthcare systems worldwide, as highlighted by the WHO's report of 134 million adverse events annually in hospitals. Healthcare professionals often hesitate to report such incidents due to stigma and the fear of criticism. To combat this, the implementation of a "no-blame culture," introduced by James Reason in 1997, has gained traction, evolving into the concept of a just culture—an environment fostering open discussion of safety-related information without fear of retribution. This approach facilitates an effective incident reporting system and enhances staff capabilities while building organizational trust and accountability. Previous research indicates that adopting a just culture can lead to increased reporting of patient safety incidents, enabling healthcare staff to learn from them, thus reducing the likelihood of future incidents. It’s critical to recognize that a just culture focuses on systemic issues rather than individual blame, which encourages reporting and corrective action. However, this culture is not yet widespread due to misunderstandings. Healthcare leaders and policymakers are urged to promote a just culture by implementing strategies like transparent reporting mechanisms, clear error identification processes, exemplary leadership, and ongoing assessments, ultimately prioritizing patient safety. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/3797 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/3797/651

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 12 2 2025 03 16 120 131 EN Patcharin Krongtham Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Ratsiri Thato Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Penpaktr Uthis Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand 2024 12 27 2025 03 12 Background & Aim: Transgender women represent a vulnerable population with a high rate of depression. This systematic review aims to identify and analyze the factors associated with depression in this population. Methods & Materials: The research protocol was registered with PROSPERO. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and ProQuest for studies published between 2014 and 2024. Relevant studies focusing on depression and related factors in transgender women were selected. Data extraction focused on identified factors associated with depression. The reporting of this review adhered to PRISMA guidelines, and the quality of included studies was appraised using JBI’s critical appraisal tools. A narrative synthesis was conducted to synthesize the findings. Results: From 2,511 records identified in the database, 14 cross-sectional studies were included in the review. The analysis revealed three primary categories of factors related to depression: demographic, psychological, and sociological factors. Key demographic factors included age and insufficient income, both of which were at increased risk of depression. Psychological factors such as self-stigma and self-esteem were associated with higher depression rates. Sociological factors, including family support, peer support, and violence, were also significant predictors of depression in transgender women. Conclusion: Depression in transgender women is influenced by a complex interaction of demographic, psychological, and sociological factors. These findings underscore the need for tailored nursing interventions that incorporate mental health support. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/3720 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/3720/650

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 12 2 2025 02 17 132 140 EN Nurnianingsih A. Yasin Faculty of Nursing, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia Rosyidah Arafat Faculty of Nursing, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia AND Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia Andi Irwan Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia 2024 06 06 2024 12 18 Background & Aim: Globally and in Indonesia, the number of people with breast cancer is still rising, and one of the most commonly reported symptoms is pain. After hospitalization, patients continue their lives at home, and most receive care in an outpatient setting. In this setting, they voluntarily need to be able to manage their pain. Therefore, teaching and assisting patients in self-management is essential for adequate pain management. This study aims to determine the effect of pro-self-pain control and guided imagery interventions on reducing pain intensity in outpatient breast cancer. Methods & Materials: A quasi-experimental design, using convenience sampling on 49 patients, and allocated into an intervention group (n=25) that received pro-self-pain control and guided imagery intervention and a control group as a comparison (n=24) that received pro-self-pain control only. Pain intensity in both groups was measured before the experiment and ten days after using the Numeric Rating Scale. Results: The results showed that there was a significant decrease in pain intensity in the intervention group p<0.001. The control group also experienced a decrease in pain intensity, but not significant p=0.212. Before the intervention, both groups showed no significant difference (p=0.872). However, after the intervention, the difference test between the two groups showed a significant difference with a p=0.004 and a small effect size (d=0.40). Conclusion: The combination intervention of Pro-self-pain control and guided imagery (with audio recordings) effectively reduces pain intensity, although the effect size produced tends to be small. In caring for cancer patients, it is recommended to improve health education regarding pain management, thereby enabling them to self-manage their pain and participate actively in controlling it. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/3272 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/3272/649

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 12 2 2025 03 15 141 159 Chia-Lun Lo Department of Health-Business Administration, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Chia-En Liu Department of Nursing, St Joseph’s Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan Hsiao Yun Chang Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan AND Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan Chiu-Hsiang Wu Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 2024 07 23 2025 03 03 Background & Aim: Falls among hospitalized patients pose severe consequences, necessitating accurate risk prediction. Traditional assessment tools rely on cross-sectional data and lack dynamic analysis, limiting clinical applicability. This study developed an AI-based fall risk prediction model using supervised learning techniques to enhance predictive accuracy and clinical integration. Methods & Materials: This study was conducted at a medical center in Taiwan, excluding pediatric patients due to non-disease-related fall factors. Fall cases were obtained from hospital records, and non-fall cases were stratified based on age and gender to create a balanced 1:1 dataset. A total of 52 predictive variables were identified and refined to 39 through expert review. The AI model was compared with MORSE, STRATIFY, and HII-FRM using supervised learning with 10-fold cross-validation. Performance was evaluated based on accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: The results demonstrated that the AI-based model significantly outperformed traditional fall risk assessment tools in accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. More importantly, the model’s superior predictive power allows for real-time risk assessment and seamless integration into clinical decision support systems. This integration can enable timely interventions, optimize patient safety protocols, and ultimately reduce fall-related incidents in hospitalized settings. Conclusion: By automating risk assessment, the AI model can alleviate the workload of healthcare professionals, reducing the time required for manual evaluations and minimizing subjective biases in clinical decision-making. This not only enhances operational efficiency but also allows nursing staff to allocate more time to direct patient care. These findings underscore the transformative potential of AI-driven approaches in healthcare, improving patient safety through data-driven. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/3374 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/3374/648

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 12 2 2025 02 17 160 171 Francesco Gravante Department of Emergency, Local Health Authority of Caserta, Caserta, Italy Yari Longobucco Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy Chiara Leone La Madonnina Nursing Home, Milan, Italy Andrea Lombardi Department of Health, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, Salerno, Italy Stefano Bambi Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy 2024 07 24 2024 11 09 Background & Aim: Missed care is a serious problem in healthcare. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of missed nursing care and determine the reasons and risk factors for its occurrence in surgical and medical departments. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional design was used. All registered nurses who had worked for more than six months were included. The MISSEDCARE survey tool was used to determine missed nursing care (Part A) and the reasons for its occurrence (Part B). Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors for missed nursing care. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 165 nurses were included. The response rate was 81.2%. The prevalence of missing nursing care ranged from 4.8% to 84.8%. Nurses with a high turnover intention had a great risk of the following missed nursing care: ‘medications administered within 30 min before or after the scheduled time’ [OR=11.60, CI 95%: 3.76-35.75; p<0.0001], ‘assess the effectiveness of medications’ [OR=3.79, CI 95%: 1.79-8.04; p<0.0001]. Urgent patient situations were the main reasons for missing patient-specific reassessment to verify improvement or deterioration during the shift [OR=6.82, CI 95%:1.84-25.26; p =0.008] and assess the effectiveness of medications. Conclusions: This study showed a high prevalence of missed nursing care in surgical and medical departments. Urgent patient situations and unexpected increases in patient volume and acuity in the unit increased the reasons for missed nursing care. Nursing managers can promote the adoption of care models such as Primary nursing to reduce and manage missed nursing care. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/3381 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/3381/647

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 12 2 2025 02 17 172 181 Princess Thwala Institute of Distance Education, University of Eswatini, Mbabane, Eswatini Thulani Nhlabatsi Department of Community Health Nursing Science, University of Eswatini, Mbabane, Eswatini 2024 08 09 2025 01 25 Background and Aim: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) remain a global challenge. The primary healthcare has been identified as a vital aspect of the healthcare system that will assist in addressing the burden of NCDs in low and middle-income countries. As such, the Eswatini Ministry of Health-NCD program had embarked on the decentralization of NCDs` services to primary healthcare facilities. This initiative called for nurses to deliver NCD treatment services in primary healthcare facilities. However, the experiences of community nurses about this initiative have not been explored. Therefore, this study explored and described the community nurses` experiences with decentralizing care for NCDs in the Lubombo Region of Eswatini. Methods and Materials: A descriptive qualitative study design approach was used to explore and describe the experiences of ten purposively sampled community nurses. Data was collected through audio-recorded face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Data was subjected to thematic analysis using Colaizzi’s descriptive method of data analysis. Results:  Three themes emerged from the study findings; 1) Decentralising NCD care is a good move by the Government, 2) Challenges brought by the decentralization of NCD services, and 3) Nurses’ perceived support needs in managing NCDs at clinics. Conclusion: Community nurses applauded the government`s move to decentralized NCD services even though they viewed rural clinics as not well prepared to offer NCD services due to the challenges faced. There is a need for more support for rural clinics regarding human resources, NCD diagnostic equipment and medicines, and training of nursing personnel. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/3410 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/3410/652

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 12 2 2025 02 17 172 182 EN Matshediso Ntuli School of Nursing, Idalia Loots Building, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa Cynthia Spies School of Nursing, Idalia Loots Building, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa 2023 10 20 2024 03 13 Background & Aim: The challenges of mothers residing at hospital while their ill babies are admitted to a neonatal care unit are understudied and poorly documented. Unfavorable living arrangements and tension between mothers and staff can disrupt their well-being and create feelings of helplessness. This study explored how mothers experienced having to stay at a lodging residence of a public hospital while their newborns were admitted to a neonatal care unit. Methods & Materials: This qualitative content analysis study was conducted through face-to-face, in-depth interviews between March 2021 – April 2021. Data were gathered from 13 mothers who lodged at a public hospital for at least two weeks, were able to speak Sesotho, English, and/or Afrikaans, and were above 18 years of age. Data were analyzed using Tesch's eight steps in the coding process. Results: Data analysis resulted in five categories, each with subcategories. The main categories are "Lodging environment", "Emotional experiences", "Nursing care of babies", "Interaction with staff", and "Participant perspectives". Participants' ages ranged between 23 and 37 years. Three participants had a spouse while the other ten were unmarried and were single parents. Conclusion: The mothers were not optimistic about their lodging experiences, the nursing care of their newborns, and their interaction with healthcare professionals. Hence, they require intervention to alleviate conditions that cause unnecessary stress and anxiety. Health professionals and hospital managers must accommodate the needs of mothers who have no choice but to reside at the hospital when their newborns are admitted for extended periods. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/2825 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/2825/614

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 11 2 2024 04 07 183 191 Alexandra Masharipova Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan Nassikhat Nurgaliyeva Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan Gulmira Derbissalina Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan 2024 03 08 2024 04 03 Background & Aim: Palliative care is an approach designed for critically ill patients, improving their quality of life and alleviating suffering through early detection, proper assessment, and treatment of pain and other problems, whether physical, psychosocial, or spiritual. The purpose of this study was to assess nurses' knowledge of palliative care and attitudes toward caring for dying patients and their relationship with evidence-based practice. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 565 nurses working in primary healthcare organizations from January 2022 to March 2023. An online questionnaire included four parts: demographic and professional characteristics, PCQN, FATCOD, and EBPQ questionnaires. An independent T-test, One-Way ANOVA, and Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient, hierarchical multiple regression were performed. Results: Nurses’ palliative care knowledge level was low (mean score: 9.06±2.93). The majority of nurses (93%) have a neutral or negative attitude toward caring for dying patients (94.50±12.41). The obtained score (4.39 ±1.05) on the EBPQ scale indicates an average level of competence in evidence-based practice. Work experience (β=0.534; <0.001) and competencies in evidence-based practice (β=0.136; p=0.001) are statistically significant factors that affect knowledge of palliative care. The aspect of Knowledge/skills in EBP is the most significant (β=0.122; p=0.005). Conclusion: An insufficient level of nurses' knowledge about palliative care and a neutral or negative attitude towards caring for dying patients were revealed. The results also indicate that much attention and resources should be directed toward improving the level of knowledge of nurses in the field of evidence-based practice. https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/view/3073 https://npt.tums.ac.ir/index.php/npt/article/download/3073/615

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Nursing Practice Today 2383-1154 11 2 2024 04 24 192 200 Hadis Ashrafizadeh Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran Azam Shirinabadi Farahani Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Karami Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Khademi Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Azam Eshaghian Dorcheh Kashani Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Leila Khanali Mojen Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran