Investigating hand dermatitis among nurses in Iran during the outbreak of COVID-19: Comparison of COVID and non-COVID wards
,
Abstract
Background & Aim: Hand dermatitis is one of the occupational skin diseases among nurses. Due to the prevalence of COVID-19, nurses' exposure to disinfectant solutions has increased, which can increase the incidence of dermatitis among them. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hand dermatitis among nurses in COVID and non-COVID wards and its related factors during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Iran.
Methods & Materials: This descriptive-correlational study was performed by available sampling on 287 nurses. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire on hand dermatitis. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: The prevalence of hand dermatitis among COVID wards nurses was 65.7% and among non-COVID wards nurses were 36.2%. However, the logistic regression showed that Female gender (P= 0.001, odds ratio=3.19, CI=1.57-6.46), marital status (single) (P= 0.011, odds ratio=2.64, CI=1.25-5.57), age 31-40 (P= 0.003, odds ratio=0.16, CI=0.06-0.55), COVID wards (P= 0.000, odds ratio=4.99, CI=2.36-10.59), Allergy history (P= 0.000, odds ratio=13.07, CI=6.12-27.95) increase the prevalence of hand dermatitis among nurses.
Conclusion: Hand dermatitis is a serious problem among corona ward nurses. Therefore, timely identification and treatment of this injury can be very helpful. Nurses should receive adequate training and care for hand dermatitis.
1. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020; 382(8):727-33.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
2. Abdi M. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Iran: Actions and problems. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2020;41(6):754-55.
3. Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu Y-J, Mao Y-P, Ye R-X, Wang Q-Z, et al. Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review. Infectious diseases of poverty.2020;9(1):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x
4. Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2020;109:102433.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433
5. Gan WH, Lim JW, David K. Preventing intra-hospital infection and transmission of COVID-19 in healthcare workers. Safety and Health at Work. 2020; 11(2): 241-43.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2020.03.001
6. Bartoszko JJ, Farooqi MAM, Alhazzani W, Loeb M. Medical masks vs N95 respirators for preventing COVID‐19 in healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials. Influenza and other respiratory viruses. 2020; 14(4): 365-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12745
7. Fargly HAE, Mohammed MA, Ahmed RA. Hand Skin Problems: Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Nurses Working at Surgical Departments in Ministry of Health Hospitals. Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal. 2019;7(16):24-34.
8. Mekonnen TH, Yenealem DG, Tolosa BM. Self-report occupational-related contact dermatitis: prevalence and risk factors among healthcare workers in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018—a cross-sectional study. Environmental health and preventive medicine. 2019 Dec;24(1):1-9.
9. Brans R. Hand dermatitis in nurses: is promotion of protective behaviour ineffective? British Journal of Dermatology. 2020; 183(3): 411-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18973
10. Madan I, Parsons V, Ntani G, Wright A, English J, Coggon D, et al. A behaviour change package to prevent hand dermatitis in nurses working in health care: the SCIN cluster RCT. Health Technology Assessment. 2019 Oct;23(58):1-92. doi: 10.3310/hta23580
11. Sanchez A. The prevalence of hand dermatitis in nurses: A narrative review highlighting the importance of prevention. Journal of Dermatology & Cosmetology. 2018;2(1):42-8.
12. feize arefi m, Zare Sakhvidi MJ, kargar f, mostaghaci M, Zare G, Maghsood Zi, et al. The investigation of affection risk to skin symptoms (dermatitis) in Educational hospitals staff services in Yazd with Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire. Iran Occupational Health Journal. 2018;14(6):18-25. [Persian]
13. Chen J, Gomez P, Kudla I, DeKoven J, Holness DL, Skotnicki S. Return to Work for Nurses With Hand Dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2016;27(5):308-12. https://doi.org/10.1097/der.0000000000000215
14. Lan CCE, Feng WW, Lu YW, Wu CS, Hung ST, Hsu HY, et al. Hand eczema among University Hospital nursing staff: identification of high‐risk sector and impact on quality of life. Contact Dermatitis. 2008;59(5):301-6.
15. Smit HA, Coenraads PJ, Lavrijsen AP, Nater JP. Evaluation of a self‐administered questionnaire on hand dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 1992;26(1):11-6.
16. Sadeghian F, Delvarianzadeh M, Klalyan H, Zadeh S. The prevalence of hand eczema and some related factors in nursing and midwifery personnel. Daneshvar Pezeshki. 2006;14(67):25- 32. [Persian]
17. Özyazıcıoğlu N, Sürenler S, Tanrıverdi G. Hand dermatitis among paediatric nurses. Journal of clinical nursing. 2010;19(11‐12):1597-603.
18. Stutz N, Becker D, Jappe U, John S, Ladwig A, Spornraft‐Ragaller P, et al. Nurses’ perceptions of the benefits and adverse effects of hand disinfection: alcohol‐based hand rubs vs. hygienic handwashing: a multicentre questionnaire study with additional patch testing by the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group. British Journal of Dermatology. 2009;160(3):565-72.
19. Guertler A, Moellhoff N, Schenck TL, Hagen CS, Kendziora B, Giunta RE, et al. Onset of occupational hand eczema among healthcare workers during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic–comparing a single surgical site with a COVID‐19 intensive care unit. Contact Dermatitis. 2020; 83(2), 108-14.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13618
20. Erdem Y, Altunay IK, Çerman AA, Inal S, Ugurer E, Sivaz O, et al. The risk of hand eczema in healthcare workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Do we need specific attention or prevention strategies? Contact Dermatitis. 2020; 83(5): 422-23.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13632
21. Campion K. A survey of occupational skin disease in UK health care workers. Occupational Medicine. 2015;65(1):29-31.
22. Meding B. Differences between the sexes with regard towork‐related skin disease. Contact dermatitis. 2000;43(2):65-71.
23. Montnemery P, Nihlén U, Löfdahl CG, Nyberg P, Svensson Å. Prevalence of self-reported eczema in relation to living environment, socio-economic status and respiratory symptoms assessed in a questionnaire study. BMC dermatology. 2003 Dec;3(1):1-6.
24. Nutten S. Atopic dermatitis: global epidemiology and risk factors. Annals of nutrition and metabolism. 2015;66 (Suppl. 1):8-16.
25. Lee JS, Kim JM, Seok J, Kim BJ. Correlation between socio‐economic status and atopic dermatitis in Korean adults: the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2007–2014). Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2017 Sep;31(9):1509-15.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
2. Abdi M. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Iran: Actions and problems. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2020;41(6):754-55.
3. Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu Y-J, Mao Y-P, Ye R-X, Wang Q-Z, et al. Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review. Infectious diseases of poverty.2020;9(1):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x
4. Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2020;109:102433.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433
5. Gan WH, Lim JW, David K. Preventing intra-hospital infection and transmission of COVID-19 in healthcare workers. Safety and Health at Work. 2020; 11(2): 241-43.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2020.03.001
6. Bartoszko JJ, Farooqi MAM, Alhazzani W, Loeb M. Medical masks vs N95 respirators for preventing COVID‐19 in healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials. Influenza and other respiratory viruses. 2020; 14(4): 365-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12745
7. Fargly HAE, Mohammed MA, Ahmed RA. Hand Skin Problems: Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Nurses Working at Surgical Departments in Ministry of Health Hospitals. Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal. 2019;7(16):24-34.
8. Mekonnen TH, Yenealem DG, Tolosa BM. Self-report occupational-related contact dermatitis: prevalence and risk factors among healthcare workers in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018—a cross-sectional study. Environmental health and preventive medicine. 2019 Dec;24(1):1-9.
9. Brans R. Hand dermatitis in nurses: is promotion of protective behaviour ineffective? British Journal of Dermatology. 2020; 183(3): 411-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18973
10. Madan I, Parsons V, Ntani G, Wright A, English J, Coggon D, et al. A behaviour change package to prevent hand dermatitis in nurses working in health care: the SCIN cluster RCT. Health Technology Assessment. 2019 Oct;23(58):1-92. doi: 10.3310/hta23580
11. Sanchez A. The prevalence of hand dermatitis in nurses: A narrative review highlighting the importance of prevention. Journal of Dermatology & Cosmetology. 2018;2(1):42-8.
12. feize arefi m, Zare Sakhvidi MJ, kargar f, mostaghaci M, Zare G, Maghsood Zi, et al. The investigation of affection risk to skin symptoms (dermatitis) in Educational hospitals staff services in Yazd with Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire. Iran Occupational Health Journal. 2018;14(6):18-25. [Persian]
13. Chen J, Gomez P, Kudla I, DeKoven J, Holness DL, Skotnicki S. Return to Work for Nurses With Hand Dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2016;27(5):308-12. https://doi.org/10.1097/der.0000000000000215
14. Lan CCE, Feng WW, Lu YW, Wu CS, Hung ST, Hsu HY, et al. Hand eczema among University Hospital nursing staff: identification of high‐risk sector and impact on quality of life. Contact Dermatitis. 2008;59(5):301-6.
15. Smit HA, Coenraads PJ, Lavrijsen AP, Nater JP. Evaluation of a self‐administered questionnaire on hand dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 1992;26(1):11-6.
16. Sadeghian F, Delvarianzadeh M, Klalyan H, Zadeh S. The prevalence of hand eczema and some related factors in nursing and midwifery personnel. Daneshvar Pezeshki. 2006;14(67):25- 32. [Persian]
17. Özyazıcıoğlu N, Sürenler S, Tanrıverdi G. Hand dermatitis among paediatric nurses. Journal of clinical nursing. 2010;19(11‐12):1597-603.
18. Stutz N, Becker D, Jappe U, John S, Ladwig A, Spornraft‐Ragaller P, et al. Nurses’ perceptions of the benefits and adverse effects of hand disinfection: alcohol‐based hand rubs vs. hygienic handwashing: a multicentre questionnaire study with additional patch testing by the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group. British Journal of Dermatology. 2009;160(3):565-72.
19. Guertler A, Moellhoff N, Schenck TL, Hagen CS, Kendziora B, Giunta RE, et al. Onset of occupational hand eczema among healthcare workers during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic–comparing a single surgical site with a COVID‐19 intensive care unit. Contact Dermatitis. 2020; 83(2), 108-14.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13618
20. Erdem Y, Altunay IK, Çerman AA, Inal S, Ugurer E, Sivaz O, et al. The risk of hand eczema in healthcare workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Do we need specific attention or prevention strategies? Contact Dermatitis. 2020; 83(5): 422-23.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13632
21. Campion K. A survey of occupational skin disease in UK health care workers. Occupational Medicine. 2015;65(1):29-31.
22. Meding B. Differences between the sexes with regard towork‐related skin disease. Contact dermatitis. 2000;43(2):65-71.
23. Montnemery P, Nihlén U, Löfdahl CG, Nyberg P, Svensson Å. Prevalence of self-reported eczema in relation to living environment, socio-economic status and respiratory symptoms assessed in a questionnaire study. BMC dermatology. 2003 Dec;3(1):1-6.
24. Nutten S. Atopic dermatitis: global epidemiology and risk factors. Annals of nutrition and metabolism. 2015;66 (Suppl. 1):8-16.
25. Lee JS, Kim JM, Seok J, Kim BJ. Correlation between socio‐economic status and atopic dermatitis in Korean adults: the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2007–2014). Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2017 Sep;31(9):1509-15.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 8 No 4 (2021): Autumn | |
| Section | Short Communication(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v8i4.6701 | |
| Keywords | ||
| hand dermatitis; contact dermatitis; nurses; COVID-19; outbreak | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Imani Khanegah N, Ayadi N, Heidarzadeh M, Ajri-Khameslou M, Davari M. Investigating hand dermatitis among nurses in Iran during the outbreak of COVID-19: Comparison of COVID and non-COVID wards. NPT. 2021;8(4):257-264.
