Sleep disorders among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review and meta-analysis
-
Somayeh Tahernejad
,
Sina Ghaffari
,
Hojjat Farahmandnia
,
Iman Farahi-Ashtiani
,
Ali Sahebi
,
Azadeh Tahernejd
Abstract
Background & Aim: Healthcare workers are at the forefront of the fight against COVID-19 and are exposed to numerous risks and health consequences, including sleep disturbance. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic using an umbrella review of meta-analyses.
Methods & Materials: Based on the guidance of PRISMA, literature was searched on the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar (from the beginning of January 2020 to the end of March 2022). The random effects model was used for meta-analysis, and the I2 index was employed to ascertain heterogeneity among studies. Publication bias was investigated using the Begg test. Data were analyzed using STATA software version 14.
Results: Initially, 561 studies were found after the primary literature search in the data resources, of which 27 eligible studies were selected for quality assessment and data extraction. The results showed that the prevalence of sleep disorders among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic was 38.27% (95% CI: 35.20-41.01, I2= 74.2%, P= 0.008).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this review, the prevalence of sleep disorders among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic was relatively high. Therefore, these individuals should undergo routine screening for sleep quality and other mental health disorders.
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2. Safi‐KeykalehM,Aliakbari F, Safarpour H, Safari M, Tahernejad A, Sheikhbardsiri H, et al. Prevalence of postpartumdepression in women amid the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2022;157(2):240-7.
3. Hasheminejad N, Amirmahani M, Tahernejad S. Biomechanical evaluation of midwifery tasks and its relationship with the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Heliyon. 2023 Sep 1;9(9).
4. Mokhtari R, Safdari A, Hekmatpou D, Sahebi A, Moayedi S, Torres M, et al. Investigating the Effective Factors of Using Personal Protective EquipmentfromthePerspective ofNursesCaringfor COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. InternationalJournal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(15):7882.
5. Cénat JM, Blais-Rochette C, Kokou Kpolou CK, Noorishad PG, Mukunzi JN, McIntee SE, et al. Prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychological distress among populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PsychiatryResearch. 2021;295.
6. de Sousa Júnior GM, Tavares VDDO, de Meiroz Grilo MLP, Coelho MLG, Lima-Araújo GLD, Schuch FB, et al.Mental Health inCOVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Review of Prevalence Meta Analyses. Frontiersin Psychology. 2021;12.
7. Farooq S, Tunmore J, Ali W, Ayub M. Suicide, self-harm and suicidal ideation during COVID-19: A systematic review. Psychiatry Research. 2021;306.
8. Kunzler AM, Röthke N, Günthner L, Stoffers-Winterling J, Tüscher O, Coenen M, et al. Mental burden and its risk and protective factors during the early phase of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: systematic review and meta-analyses. Globalization and Health. 2021;17(1).
9. Kuroda N, Kubota T. Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for patients with epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy and Behavior. 2021;124.
10. Sahebi A, Hasheminejad N, Shohani M, Yousefi A, Tahernejad S, Tahernejad A. Personal protective equipment-associated headaches in health care workers during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in public health. 2022;10:942046.
11. Rahmanian E, Nekoei-Moghadam M, Mardani M. Factors affecting futures Studies in hospitals: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences. 2020;7(4):361-71.
12. Lebrasseur A, Fortin-Bédard N, Lettre J, Raymond E, Bussières EL, Lapierre N, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults: Rapid review. JMIR Aging. 2021;4(2).
13. Liu C, Pan W, Li L, Li B, Ren Y, Ma X. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms among patients with COVID-19: A meta analysis of quality effects model. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2021;147.
14. Lucchetti G, Damiano RF, Di Santi T, Beach S, Pan PM, Lucchetti AL, et al. Mental health interventions following COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: a systematic review of current recommendations and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. 2021;43(6):665-78.
15. Ma L, Mazidi M, Li K, Li Y, Chen S, Kirwan R, et al. Prevalence of mental health problems among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2021;293:78-89.
16. Marvaldi M, Mallet J, Dubertret C, Moro MR, Guessoum SB. Anxiety, depression, trauma related, and sleep disorders among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 2021;126:252-64.
17. Vitalakumar D, Sharma A, Kumar A, Flora SJS. Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis. ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 2021;12(15):2776-97.
18. Wu T, Jia X, Shi H, Niu J, Yin X, Xie J, et al. Prevalence of mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2021;281:91-8.
19. Zhang H, Li W, Li H, Zhang C, Luo J, Zhu Y, et al. Prevalence and dynamic features of psychological issues among Chinese healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis. General Psychiatry. 2021;34(3).
20. Booker LA, Magee M, Rajaratnam SM, Sletten TL, Howard ME. Individual vulnerability to insomnia, excessive sleepiness and shift work disorder amongst healthcare shift workers. A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2018;41:220-33. S. Tahernejad et al. Nursing Practice Today. 2024;11(1):22-33 31
21. Wright Jr KP, Bogan RK, Wyatt JK. Shift work and the assessment and management of shift work disorder (SWD). Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2013;17(1):41-54.
22. Alshekaili M, Hassan W, Al Said N, Al Sulaimani F, Jayapal SK, Al-Mawali A, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes across healthcare settings in Oman during COVID-19: frontline versus non-frontline healthcare workers. BMJ Open. 2020;10(10):e042030.
23. Gupta B, Sharma V, Kumar N, Mahajan A. Anxiety and sleep disturbances among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in India: cross-sectional online survey. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. 2020;6(4):e24206.
24. Cho JW, Duffy JF. Sleep, sleep disorders, and sexual dysfunction. The World Journal of Men's Health. 2019;37(3):261-75.
25. Grandner MA, Hale L, Moore M, Patel NP. Mortality associated with short sleep duration: the evidence, the possible mechanisms, and the future. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2010;14(3):191-203.
26. Grandner MA, Patel NP, Perlis ML, Gehrman PR, Xie D, Sha D, et al. Obesity, diabetes, and exercise associated with sleep-related complaints in the American population. Journal of Public Health. 2011;19(5):463-74.
27. Wickwire EM, Schnyer DM, Germain A, Smith MT, Williams SG, Lettieri CJ, et al. Sleep, sleep disorders, and circadian health following mild traumatic brain injury in adults: review and research agenda. Journal of Neurotrauma. 2018;35(2):2615- 31.
28. Hirotsu C, Tufik S, Andersen ML. Interactions between sleep, stress, and metabolism: From physiological to pathological conditions. Sleep Science. 2015;8(3):143-52.
29. McCall WV, Mensah-Bonsu D, Withers AE, Gibson RW. Short-term insomnia disorder in health care workers in an academic medical center before and during COVID-19: rates and predictive factors. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 2021;17(4):749-55.
30. Zou X, Liu S, Li J, Chen W, Ye J, Yang Y, et al. Factors associated with healthcare workers' insomnia symptoms and fatigue in the fight against COVID-19 and the role of organizational support. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2021;12:356.
31. Orlewski J, Orlewska E. Effects of genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) on the risk of diabetic nephropathy: Ameta-analysis. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2015;125(9):649-58.
32. Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, Thuku M, Hamel C, Moran J, Moher D, Tugwell P, Welch V, Kristjansson E, Henry DA. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ. 2017 Sep 21;358.
33. Tahernejad S, Farahi-Ashtiani I, Veisani Y, Ghaffari S, Sahebi A, Makki F. A systematic review and meta-analysis of musculoskeletal disorders among firefighters. Journal of Safety Research. 2023 Nov 22.
34. Salari N, Khazaie H, Hosseinian-Far A, Ghasemi H, Mohammadi M, Shohaimi S, et al. The prevalence of sleep disturbances among physicians and nurses facing the COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Globalization and Health. 2020;16(1):92.
35. Abdulla EK, Velladath SU, Varghese A, Anju M. Depression and anxiety associated with COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare professionals in India- A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health. 2021 Oct-Dec;12:100888.
36. Busch IM, Moretti F, Mazzi M, Wu AW, Rimondini M. What We Have Learned from Two Decades of Epidemics and Pandemics: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the psychological burden of frontline healthcare workers. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 2021;90(3):178-90.
37. Dutta A, Sharma A, Torres-Castro R, Pachori H, Mishra S. Mental health outcomes among healthcare workers dealing with COVID-19/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2021;63(4):335-47.
38. Jahrami H, BaHammam AS, Bragazzi NL, Saif Z, Faris M, Vitiello MV. Sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic by population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 2021;17(2):299-313.
39. Xia L, Chen C, Liu Z, Luo X, Guo C, Liu Z, Zhang K, Liu H. Prevalence of sleep disturbances and sleep quality in Chinese healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 18;12:646342.
40. Xiong N, Fritzsche K, Pan Y, Löhlein J, Leonhart R. The psychological impact of COVID-19 on Chinese healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 2022.
41. Jahrami HA, Alhaj OA, Humood AM, Alenezi AF, Fekih-Romdhane F, AlRasheed MM, et al. Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2022;62. Sleep disorders among health care workers 32 Nursing Practice Today. 2024;11(1):22-33
42. Hu N, Deng H, Yang H, Wang C, Cui Y, Chen J, et al. The pooled prevalence of the mental problems of Chinese medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak: A meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2022;303:323-30.
43. Al Maqbali M, Al Sinani M, Al-Lenjawi B. Prevalence of stress, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2021;141.
44. Alimoradi Z, Broström A, Tsang HWH, Griffiths MD, Haghayegh S, Ohayon MM, et al. Sleep problems duringCOVID-19 pandemic and its' association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;36.
45. Aymerich C, Pedruzo B, Pérez JL, Laborda M, Herrero J, Blanco J, Mancebo G, Andrés L, Estévez O, Fernandez M, de Pablo GS. COVID-19 pandemic effects on health worker's mental health: Systematic review and meta-analysis. European Psychiatry. 2022;65(1):e10.
46. Chen J, Farah N, Dong RK, Chen RZ, Xu W, Yin J, Chen BZ, Delios AY, Miller S, Wan X, Ye W. Mental health during the COVID-19 crisis in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021 Oct 10;18(20):10604.
47. Dragioti E, Li H, Tsitsas G, Lee KH, Choi J, Kim J, et al. A large-scale meta-analytic atlas of mental health problems prevalence during the COVID-19 early pandemic. Journal of Medical Virology. 2022;94(5):1935-49.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Winter | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v11i1.14939 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Sleep Disorders, Sleep disturbance, COVID-19, Sleep quality, Health care workers | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Tahernejad S, Ghaffari S, Farahmandnia H, Farahi-Ashtiani I, Sahebi A, Tahernejd A. Sleep disorders among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review and meta-analysis. NPT. 2023;11(1):22-33.
