Psychometric evaluation of the caring ability of the family caregivers of the patients in need of palliative care scale (CAFCPNPCS): A methodological study
-
Hadis Ashrafizadeh
,
Azam Shirinabadi Farahani
,
Maryam Karami
,
Fatemeh Khademi
,
Azam Eshaghian Dorcheh
,
Leila Khanali Mojen
,
Maliheh Nasiri
,
Maryam Rassouli
Abstract
Background & Aim: Since family caregivers play an important role in providing care for patients in need of palliative care, it is important to focus on and examine their care ability in fulfilling the expected roles. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a psychometric evaluation of the Caring Ability of the Family Caregivers of the Patients in Need of Palliative Care Scale (CAFCPNPCS).
Methods & Materials: The present study is methodological research that evaluates the psychometric characteristics of the CAFCPNPCS by measuring face validity, content validity, construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis and divergent validity), and internal consistency in 412 family caregivers of the patients in need of palliative care, who were selected through convenient sampling. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24 and LISREL 8.8.
Results: According to the confirmatory factor analysis, the 5-factor model with 31 items was confirmed with the values RMSEA=0.05, CFI=0.95, and GFI=0.88. The divergent validity was measured by the estimation of the correlation between the caring ability score with the care burden score (which was measured by Zarit Burden Interview) of the family caregivers of the patients in need of palliative care. Cronbach's alpha (α) was reported to be 0.85 for the whole scale and 0.781-0.852 for other dimensions.
Conclusion: CAFCPNPCS is a valid and reliable tool that can evaluate the caring ability of the family caregivers of patients in need of palliative care. Based on the results, it is recommended to utilize this scale to determine these caregivers’ ability to provide care and to examine the effectiveness of interventions to improve the dimensions of their caring ability.
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2. World Health Organization. Global Atlas of Palliative Care. 2nd Edition ed. London, UK 2020: Worldwide Hospice Palliative Care Alliance (WHPCA); 2020.
3. Mauricio A-R, Sonia CM, Aura SG. Overburden and quality of life of caregivers of patients with cancer during palliative care. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(2):e1248.
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5. Rahmani F, Asghari E. The effectiveness of family caregivers as case managers for patients with severe mental illness. Nursing Practice Today. 2024;11(1):1-4.
6. Barlund AS, André B, Sand K, Brenne A-T. A qualitative study of bereaved family caregivers: feeling of security, facilitators and barriers for rural home care and death for persons with advanced cancer. BMC Palliative Care. 2021;20(1):1-12.
7. Ullrich A, Marx G, Bergelt C, Benze G, Zhang Y, Wowretzko F, et al. Supportive care needs and service use during palliative care in family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: a prospective longitudinal study. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2021;29(3):1303-15.
8. Tarberg AS, Kvangarsnes M, Hole T, Thronæs M, Madssen TS, Landstad BJ. Silent voices: Family caregivers' narratives of involvement in palliative care. Nursing Open. 2019;6(4):1446-54.
9. Bee PE, Barnes P, Luker KA. A systematic review of informal caregivers’ needs in providing home‐based end‐of‐life care to people with cancer. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2009;18(10):1379-93.
10. Nemati S, Rassouli M, Ilkhani M, Baghestani AR, Nemati M. Development and validation of ‘caring ability of family caregivers of patients with cancer scale (CAFCPCS)’. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. 2020;34(4):899-908.
11. Given BA, Given CW, Sherwood PR. Family and caregiver needs over the course of the cancer trajectory. The Journal of Supportive Oncology. 2012;10(2):57-64.
12. Gallagher-Thompson D, Coon DW. Evidence-based psychological treatments for distress in family caregivers of older adults. Psychology and Aging. 2007;22(1):37.
13. Anderson F, Downing GM, Hill J, Casorso L, Lerch N. Palliative Performance Scale (PPS): A New Tool. Journal of Palliative Care. 1996;12(1):5-11.
14. Bachner YG. Preliminary assessment of the psychometric properties of the abridged Arabic version of the Zarit Burden Interview among caregivers of cancer patients. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2013;17(5):657-60.
15. Mirzaei A, Raesi R, Saghari S, Raei M. Evaluation of family caregiver burden among COVID-19 patients. The Open Public Health Journal. 2020;13(1).
16. Coppetti LdC, Girardon-Perlini NMO, Andolhe R, Silva LMCd, Dapper SN, Noro E. Caring ability, burden, stress and coping of family caregivers of people in cancer treatment. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. 2019;72:1541-6.
17. Sánchez Martínez RT, Molina Cardona EM, Gómez-Ortega OR. Intervenciones de enfermería para disminuir la sobrecarga en cuidadores: un estudio piloto. Revista Cuidarte. 2016;7(1):1171-84.
18. Alvariza A, Häger-Tibell L, Holm M, Steineck G, Kreicbergs U. Increasing preparedness for caregiving and death in family caregivers of patients with severe illness who are cared for at home–Study protocol for a web-based intervention. BMC Palliative Care. 2020;19:1-8.
19. Barasteh S, Parandeh A, Rassouli M, Zaboli R, Vahedian-Azimi A, Khaghanizadeh M. Integration of palliative care into the primary health care of Iran: A document analysis. Middle East Journal of Cancer. 2021;12(2):292-300.
20. Fereidouni A, Salesi M, Rassouli M, Hosseinzadegan F, Javid M, Karami M, et al. Preferred place of death and end-of-life care for adult cancer patients in Iran: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Oncology. 2022;12.
21. Hashemlu L, Esmaeili R, Bahramnezhad F, Rohani C. The experiences of home care team members regarding the needs of family caregivers of heart failure patients in home health care services in Iran: A qualitative study. ARYA Atherosclerosis. 2022;18(4):1-10.
22. Bevans M, Sternberg EM. Caregiving burden, stress, and health effects among family caregivers of adult cancer patients. JAMA. 2012;307(4):398-403.
23. Bijnsdorp FM, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Boot CRL, van der Beek AJ, Pasman HRW. Caregiver’s burden at the end of life of their loved one: insights from a longitudinal qualitative study among working family caregivers. BMC Palliative Care. 2022;21(1):142.
24. Nemati S, Rassouli M, Baghestani AR. The spiritual challenges faced by family caregivers of patients with cancer: A qualitative study. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2017;31(2):110-7.
25. Lalani N, Duggleby W, Olson J. Spirituality among family caregivers in palliative care: An integrative literature review. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2018 Feb 2;24(2):80-91.
26. Zand, rafiei. Patients' Religious Care: A Neglected Need in Medical Education. Journal of Medical Education Development. 2016;8(20):50-8.
27. Weber SR, Pargament KI. The role of religion and spirituality in mental health. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2014;27(5):358-63.
28. Sajjadi M, Rassouli M, Abbaszadeh A, Majd HA, Zendehdel K. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale in patients with cancer. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2014;18(1):52-7.
29. Abbasi a, Asayesh h, Rhariati a, Hosseini sa, Rouhi g, Molaie e. The Burden on Caregivers from Hemodialysis Patients and Related Factors. Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery. 2011;8(1):26-33.
30. Sabzalipoor f, Fotoukian Z, Ahmadi h, Jannat Alipour Z. Factors related to the care burden in family caregivers of the elderly with chronic diseases - a review study. Journal of Caspian Health and Aging. 2021;6(1):29-52.
2. World Health Organization. Global Atlas of Palliative Care. 2nd Edition ed. London, UK 2020: Worldwide Hospice Palliative Care Alliance (WHPCA); 2020.
3. Mauricio A-R, Sonia CM, Aura SG. Overburden and quality of life of caregivers of patients with cancer during palliative care. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(2):e1248.
4. Mojen LK, Rassouli M, Ashrafizadeh H, Beykmirza R, Masoudifar Z, Jamsahar M, Ansari M, Hatamipour K, Salmani N, Nazari O, Varzeshnejad M. Psychometric evaluation of “Family Inventory of Needs” in parents of cancer children. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2021 Oct 1;54:102021.
5. Rahmani F, Asghari E. The effectiveness of family caregivers as case managers for patients with severe mental illness. Nursing Practice Today. 2024;11(1):1-4.
6. Barlund AS, André B, Sand K, Brenne A-T. A qualitative study of bereaved family caregivers: feeling of security, facilitators and barriers for rural home care and death for persons with advanced cancer. BMC Palliative Care. 2021;20(1):1-12.
7. Ullrich A, Marx G, Bergelt C, Benze G, Zhang Y, Wowretzko F, et al. Supportive care needs and service use during palliative care in family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: a prospective longitudinal study. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2021;29(3):1303-15.
8. Tarberg AS, Kvangarsnes M, Hole T, Thronæs M, Madssen TS, Landstad BJ. Silent voices: Family caregivers' narratives of involvement in palliative care. Nursing Open. 2019;6(4):1446-54.
9. Bee PE, Barnes P, Luker KA. A systematic review of informal caregivers’ needs in providing home‐based end‐of‐life care to people with cancer. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2009;18(10):1379-93.
10. Nemati S, Rassouli M, Ilkhani M, Baghestani AR, Nemati M. Development and validation of ‘caring ability of family caregivers of patients with cancer scale (CAFCPCS)’. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. 2020;34(4):899-908.
11. Given BA, Given CW, Sherwood PR. Family and caregiver needs over the course of the cancer trajectory. The Journal of Supportive Oncology. 2012;10(2):57-64.
12. Gallagher-Thompson D, Coon DW. Evidence-based psychological treatments for distress in family caregivers of older adults. Psychology and Aging. 2007;22(1):37.
13. Anderson F, Downing GM, Hill J, Casorso L, Lerch N. Palliative Performance Scale (PPS): A New Tool. Journal of Palliative Care. 1996;12(1):5-11.
14. Bachner YG. Preliminary assessment of the psychometric properties of the abridged Arabic version of the Zarit Burden Interview among caregivers of cancer patients. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2013;17(5):657-60.
15. Mirzaei A, Raesi R, Saghari S, Raei M. Evaluation of family caregiver burden among COVID-19 patients. The Open Public Health Journal. 2020;13(1).
16. Coppetti LdC, Girardon-Perlini NMO, Andolhe R, Silva LMCd, Dapper SN, Noro E. Caring ability, burden, stress and coping of family caregivers of people in cancer treatment. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. 2019;72:1541-6.
17. Sánchez Martínez RT, Molina Cardona EM, Gómez-Ortega OR. Intervenciones de enfermería para disminuir la sobrecarga en cuidadores: un estudio piloto. Revista Cuidarte. 2016;7(1):1171-84.
18. Alvariza A, Häger-Tibell L, Holm M, Steineck G, Kreicbergs U. Increasing preparedness for caregiving and death in family caregivers of patients with severe illness who are cared for at home–Study protocol for a web-based intervention. BMC Palliative Care. 2020;19:1-8.
19. Barasteh S, Parandeh A, Rassouli M, Zaboli R, Vahedian-Azimi A, Khaghanizadeh M. Integration of palliative care into the primary health care of Iran: A document analysis. Middle East Journal of Cancer. 2021;12(2):292-300.
20. Fereidouni A, Salesi M, Rassouli M, Hosseinzadegan F, Javid M, Karami M, et al. Preferred place of death and end-of-life care for adult cancer patients in Iran: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Oncology. 2022;12.
21. Hashemlu L, Esmaeili R, Bahramnezhad F, Rohani C. The experiences of home care team members regarding the needs of family caregivers of heart failure patients in home health care services in Iran: A qualitative study. ARYA Atherosclerosis. 2022;18(4):1-10.
22. Bevans M, Sternberg EM. Caregiving burden, stress, and health effects among family caregivers of adult cancer patients. JAMA. 2012;307(4):398-403.
23. Bijnsdorp FM, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Boot CRL, van der Beek AJ, Pasman HRW. Caregiver’s burden at the end of life of their loved one: insights from a longitudinal qualitative study among working family caregivers. BMC Palliative Care. 2022;21(1):142.
24. Nemati S, Rassouli M, Baghestani AR. The spiritual challenges faced by family caregivers of patients with cancer: A qualitative study. Holistic Nursing Practice. 2017;31(2):110-7.
25. Lalani N, Duggleby W, Olson J. Spirituality among family caregivers in palliative care: An integrative literature review. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2018 Feb 2;24(2):80-91.
26. Zand, rafiei. Patients' Religious Care: A Neglected Need in Medical Education. Journal of Medical Education Development. 2016;8(20):50-8.
27. Weber SR, Pargament KI. The role of religion and spirituality in mental health. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2014;27(5):358-63.
28. Sajjadi M, Rassouli M, Abbaszadeh A, Majd HA, Zendehdel K. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale in patients with cancer. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2014;18(1):52-7.
29. Abbasi a, Asayesh h, Rhariati a, Hosseini sa, Rouhi g, Molaie e. The Burden on Caregivers from Hemodialysis Patients and Related Factors. Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery. 2011;8(1):26-33.
30. Sabzalipoor f, Fotoukian Z, Ahmadi h, Jannat Alipour Z. Factors related to the care burden in family caregivers of the elderly with chronic diseases - a review study. Journal of Caspian Health and Aging. 2021;6(1):29-52.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 11 No 2 (2024): Spring | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v11i2.15412 | |
| Keywords | ||
| palliative care; CAFCPCS caring ability caregivers informal caregivers | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Ashrafizadeh H, Shirinabadi Farahani A, Karami M, Khademi F, Eshaghian Dorcheh A, Khanali Mojen L, Nasiri M, Rassouli M. Psychometric evaluation of the caring ability of the family caregivers of the patients in need of palliative care scale (CAFCPNPCS): A methodological study. NPT. 2024;11(2):192-200.
