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Background & Aim: Palliative care is of vital importance for the quality of life of the person who benefits from it. Nursing case management provides useful tools for optimizing the care that is provided, thus being an important resource for improving them in an area as complex as palliative care. This study aimed to map scientific evidence on nursing case management in the context of palliative care.
Methods & Materials: Scoping review was done according to the eligibility criteria suggested by Joanna Briggs Institute: population (adults who benefit from palliative care), concept (studies in which nursing case management is implemented), and context (studies in the palliative, hospital or home care). The research was conducted in CINAHL (via EBSCO), MEDLINE (via PUBMED), COCHRANE, Scielo, LILACS, and MedicLatina databases; grey literature was researched in RCAAP, DART-Europe, and OpenGrey. Previously published studies in Portuguese, Spanish, English, and French have been included without any temporal limitation.
Results: We included ten articles in the review. Nursing case management is focused on health services management, the centrality of patient/family care, and the case manager role.
Conclusion: The studies included have low evidence levels and a limited sample size. The optimization of resources and services, the greater availability of time for the provision of care, and the satisfaction of the person and family with the care were highlighted. The role of the case manager is highlighted, proving to be very important throughout all the nursing case management.

Background & Aim: Among musculoskeletal disorders, low back pain causes the most common complaints among emergency medical services personnel worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of low back pain among emergency medical services personnel.
Methods & Materials: We used the PRISMA guideline in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Embase using English keywords and SID, Irandoc, and Magiran data resources with equivalent Persian keywords. Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were gathered without a time limit until the end of June 2021. The quality evaluation of the selected studies was performed using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) tool. The random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, applying the I² index as a measure to estimate heterogeneity among studies.
Results: In the present study, a total of 1038 articles were identified in the primary search, of which ten studies entered the final evaluation phase and meta-analysis after initial screening and removing duplicates. In these studies, 7499 emergency medical services personnel were examined; the prevalence of low back pain was 50.30% (95% CI: 37.98-62.62, I2= 99.1%).
Conclusion: Our results indicated a considerable prevalence of low back pain among emergency medical services personnel. Also, the heterogeneity between studies was very high. It is recommended to teach the correct methods of lifting the stretcher and equipment as well as redefining the duties of the staff with low back pain.

Background & Aim: The practice of family-centered nursing care brings positive benefits to health care. This article aims to describe the perception and usability of a game to promote knowledge about family assessment and intervention.
Methods & Materials: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted involving 102 nurses and nursing degree students in the second half of 2021. The evaluation was performed using the game usability instrument (System Usability Scale, SUS), the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, and open questions about the game's advantages and disadvantages.
Results: The average score obtained by applying the SUS was high, with a mean of 81.37. In addition, high mean values were observed in all dimensions of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. Concerning the game’s advantages and disadvantages, 198 codes were grouped into seven categories and 30 subcategories, highlighting more advantages than disadvantages.
Conclusion: Overall, participants evaluated the game positively. Our findings suggest that using "Game2FamilyNursing" could be helpful and contribute as an educational tool in family nursing training.

Background & Aim: Despite the well-known benefits of practicing self-reflection in educational settings, little is known regarding the effects of applying it in clinical settings. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of self-reflective practice on cognitive emotion regulation and resilience of mothers of preterm infants in the NICU.
Methods & Materials: A total of 90 mothers whose preterm infants were admitted to NICU enrolled in the current non-randomized clinical trial study by convenience sampling (n=45 in each group). The data of the control group were gathered prior to the intervention group. Pre- and post-test data were gathered using the demographic questionnaire, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the Conner and Davidson Resilience Scale. Self–reflection practice was designed and conducted based on the Gibbs' reflective cycle for the intervention group, which applied a blended model (face-to-face and virtual). Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS-25 and using the repeated measure ANOVA.
Results: Using ANCOVA, the results indicated that the self-reflection practice was effective in improving cognitive emotion regulation (F=66.01, P≤0.001, Eta=0.60) and resilience (F=89.43, P≤0.001, Eta= 0.67) among mothers in the intervention group. 
Conclusion: Self-reflection practice was an effective intervention for improving mothers’ skills, helping them be more resilient, and assisting them in regulating their emotions. Further studies should support the current study findings in different clinical settings.

Background & Aim: This study aims to examine the perception of artificial intelligence interviews experienced by prospective nursing graduates who have experienced artificial intelligence interviews at medical institutions using focus groups and provide necessary data to increase the efficiency of artificial intelligence interviews.
Methods & Materials: This study was conducted to examine nursing students' artificial intelligence interview experience during COVID-19 by performing a focus group interview and qualitative content analysis. The focus group interview was carried out on November 17, 2021, to understand nursing students' artificial intelligence interview experience during COVID-19, selecting a total of 14 senior nursing students.
Results: As a result of analyzing the artificial intelligence interview experiences of nursing students who participated in this study, 35 codes, grouped into eight subcategories, were derived. They are also classified into three categories 1) Finding your way in the dark, 2) Confronting artificial intelligence, and 3) Going beyond artificial intelligence. The eight subcategories derived are as follows: 1) Vagueness, 2) Find your way, 3) The fight between artificial intelligence and me, 4) Strong questions about interview evaluation, 5) New experience, 6) Learn your own tricks for artificial intelligence interviews, 7) Setting up the environment for artificial intelligence interview, 8) Establishment of information system for artificial intelligence interview.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, an educational program should be developed based on the main data obtained from the artificial intelligence interview experience so that nursing college students can adapt to the artificial intelligence interview.

Background & Aim: Evening primrose is a medicinal plant with potential effects on labor. This study aimed to compare the effects of vaginal and oral evening primrose oil on cervical ripening and labor progress among primiparous women.
Methods & Materials: This single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2020. Participants were 126 pregnant women with a gestational age of 39 weeks purposively selected from the obstetrics and gynecology ward of Valiasr hospital, Bafgh, Iran, and randomly allocated to vaginal evening primrose oil, oral evening primrose oil, and a control group. Participants in the vaginal evening primrose oil and the oral evening primrose oil groups received one 1000-mg evening primrose oil capsule per twelve hours for one whole week through the vaginal and the oral routes, respectively. The Bishop score and pregnancy outcomes were measured when participants referred to the study setting with labor pains.
Results: After the intervention, the Bishop score in both intervention groups was significantly greater than the control group (P= 0.001). The length of the second stage of labor in the vaginal evening primrose oil group was significantly shorter than the control group (P= 0.009). There were no significant differences among the groups respecting the time interval between hospital admission and delivery (P= 0.21), 1 and 5-minute Apgar scores (P= 0.83), and (P= 0.37), need for induction (P= 0.26), and type of delivery (P= 0.26).
Conclusion: Vaginal and oral evening primrose oil administrations have significant positive effects on cervical ripening and the Bishop score and vaginal evening primrose oil have significant positive effects on the length of the second stage of labor.

Background & Aim: Leadership style influences nursing team satisfaction, impacting organizational behavior, performance, outcomes, and quality of nursing care. This study aimed to describe the relationship between transformational leadership and nurses' satisfaction with their teams.
Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study with 95 participants enrolled by a snowball sample technique, using the Global Transformational Leadership Scale and the Group Satisfaction Scale for data collection, was developed. Quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS 26, and qualitative data were analyzed through conventional content analysis assisted by QDA Miner Lite 4.
Results: A statistically significant difference between the participants' length of service and Group Satisfaction and an association between Transformational Leadership and Group Satisfaction was found. Communication skills are highlighted by the participants as characteristics a leader should have.
Conclusion: Health organizations should value transformational leadership, especially nowadays, where health work environments are characterized by instability. Training leaders to assume this type of leadership is needed.

Background & Aim: The Glasgow Coma Scale is a helpful instrument for measuring patients’ level of consciousness with neurosurgical disorders. Literature showed a majority of nurses don’t believe the Glasgow Coma Scale assessment is their area of practice. This study aimed to examine the Glasgow Coma Scale assessment practice and associated factors among nurses working in adult intensive care units of federally administered hospitals.
Methods & Materials: Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on conventionally selected 126 nurses working in adult intensive care units. Six clinical scenarios were used to assess practice, and those who correctly answered at least four scenario questions out of 6 practical scenario questions for the Glasgow Coma Scale assessment were considered good practice. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square test was applied to examine the variables affecting Glasgow Coma Scale practice. Furthermore, the proportions of categorical variables’ replies were contrasted among the various groups.
Result: With a response rate of 96.03%, 121 nurses participated in the study. (53.7%) was males. In this study, the overall good Glasgow Coma Scale assessment practice of intensive care units nurses was 47.1%. Lack of training (77.7%), job overload (73.6%), and insufficient knowledge and skills (61.2 %) are barriers for nurses to assess Glasgow Coma Scale.
Conclusion: In this, only nearly half of the participants displayed good practice on the Glasgow Coma Scale. Sex and educational status were both found to be significant factors in nurses’ Glasgow Coma Scale assessment practice.